What type of hypersensitivity is post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is characterized by rapid deterioration of kidney functions due to an inflammatory response (type III hypersensitivity reaction) following streptococcal infection.
How can you differentiate between IgA nephropathy and post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?
Recurrent episodes of gross hematuria, associated with respiratory illnesses, followed by persistent microscopic hematuria, are highly suggestive of IgA nephropathy. In contrast, acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis usually does not recur, and second episodes are rare.
Why is PSGN Type 3 hypersensitivity?
Stamatiades et al determined that in PSGN and other type III hypersensitivity reactions, vascular endothelial cells in the kidney actively transport circulating immune complexes from the capillaries to the peritubular interstitial space, where they are detected and scavenged by resident macrophages.
How does PSGN cause edema?
This leads to reduced blood flow that manifests as low fractional excretion of sodium and concentrated urine. This salt and water retention leads to edema.
Is IgA nephropathy a hypersensitivity?
Patients with IgA nephropathy seem to produce anti-GalNAc antibodies against a particularly defective IgA1. This immune complex deposits in the kidneys, leading to a type 3 hypersensitivity reaction which ultimately damages the kidneys.
What is Bright’s disease?
Acute nephritis occurs when your kidneys suddenly become inflamed. Acute nephritis has several causes, and it can ultimately lead to kidney failure if it’s left untreated. This condition used to be known as Bright’s disease.
How do you stop PSGN?
The main way to prevent PSGN is to prevent group A strep infections like strep throat, scarlet fever, and impetigo. Getting a group A strep infection does not protect someone from getting it again in the future. There are no vaccines to prevent group A strep.
